View source for Aminet

{{Short description|Archive of Amiga-related software and files}}
{{Infobox website
| name = Aminet
| logo =
| logo_size = <!-- default 250px -->
| logo_alt = 
| logo_caption = Logo
| screenshot = 
| screenshot_size = <!-- default 300px -->
| screenshot_alt = 
| caption = 
| url = {{URL|https://www.aminet.net}}
| website_type = Software-archive,<br/>Repository f. Amiga-related software
| founded = {{start date and age|1991}}<ref name="Aminet_History">{{Cite web |author=Aminet-Team |title=AminetWiki - The history of Aminet |url=https://wiki.aminet.net/The_history_of_Aminet |access-date=2025-07-20 |website=Aminet.net |date=2011-07-21 |language=en}}</ref>
| country_of_origin = {{flag|CH|name=Switzerland}}
| founder = Students of <abbr title="Informatikclub der Universität Zürich">ICU</abbr> at [[University of Zurich]]<ref name="Aminet_History"/>
| key_people = Urban&nbsp;Dominik&nbsp;Müller, Christoph&nbsp;Gutjahr, Nicolas&nbsp;Mendoza, Matthias&nbsp;Scheler
| registration = no
| editors = Christoph&nbsp;Gutjahr, Nicolas&nbsp;Mendoza
| launch_date = {{bulleted list|
|FTP-site: {{start date and age|1992|1}}
|Web-site: {{start date and age|1994|5}}
}}
| current_status = online
| footnotes =
}}

'''Aminet''' is the world's largest archive of [[Amiga]]-related software and files. Aminet was originally hosted by several universities' [[File Transfer Protocol|FTP]] sites, and is now available on [[CD-ROM]] and on the web. According to Aminet, as of 3 September 2022, it has 83930 packages online.

==History==
The idea for a Amiga-related software-archive was put into practice in 1991, when Swiss computer-science students of ''ICU'' – the informatics club of the [[University of Zurich]] in Canton of Zurich, Switzerland – started to use an [[Amiga 3000UX]]<ref name="Amiga_3000UX">{{Cite web |author=FTP-Admin |title=Recent uploads to amiga.physik.unizh.ch |url=https://groups.google.com/g/comp.sys.amiga.misc/c/2gBBXzxHY-Y/m/r8rDUiewV0QJ |date=1993-04-13 |orig-date=21.01.1992 |publisher=ICU - University of Zurich, Dept. of Comp. Sci. |access-date=2025-07-24 |website=comp.sys.amiga.misc |quote=Please don't call from 11:00 to 14:00 local time (GMT+1). ''Our site is a 68030 Amiga UX and gets slow enough then anyway.'' We'll have to shut down the ftp daemon during that time if discipline does not improve. |language=en }}</ref> they previously got donated by the Switzerland-division of [[Commodore International|Commodore Int'l.]], and consequently put it to use to host a FTP-archive at <code>amiga.physik.unizh.ch</code>.<ref name="amiga.physik_announcement_Aminet-Wiki">{{Cite web |last=Urban |first=Dominik Mueller |title=AminetWiki - Original Aminet announcement |url=https://wiki.aminet.net/Original_Aminet_announcement |date=2011-07-21 |orig-date=16 Jan 92 |publisher=ICU - University of Zurich, Dept. of Comp. Sci. |access-date=2025-07-24 |website=Aminet.net |language=en |quote=We have a new anonymous ftp site at amiga.physik.unizh.ch [130.60.80.80], located in Zurich, Switzerland. It has many AmigaDOS files and it is the official Amiga UNIX anon ftp site (although not much is there yet). As a special feature it creates file lists like the one below from all uploads that have a special .readme.}}</ref><ref name="amiga.physik_announcement_Newsgroup">{{Cite web |author=Urban D. Mueller |title=New anon ftp site amiga.physik.unizh.ch |url=https://groups.google.com/g/comp.sys.amiga.misc/c/00ttxw9LxYE/m/XKwtiG5Ls2gJ |date=1992-01-22 |orig-date=16 Jan 92 |publisher=ICU - University of Zurich, Dept. of Comp. Sci. |access-date=2025-07-24 |website=comp.sys.amiga.misc |language=en }}</ref><ref name="Domain_Uni">{{Cite web |author=Informatikclub der Universität Zürich |title=Obsolate Domain Address |url=http://amiga.physik.unizh.ch/ |website=UniZh.ch |date=2018-08-03 |accessdate=22 July 2025 |archive-date=2018-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803052947/http://amiga.physik.unizh.ch/|url-status=dead|language=de|quote=Obsolate Domain Address: The domain unizh.ch does not exist anymore, please use the domain uzh.ch instead.}}</ref>

From the start of ''amiga.physik'' and its main-purpose of offering online many packages for AmigaOS itself (which the students collected amongst themselves), the FTP-server also acted additionally as the [[Amiga Unix|Amiga-UNIX]]'s free [[File_Transfer_Protocol#Anonymous_FTP|anonymous]] official [[FTP site|ftp-site]], at which about forty users logged in on each day.<ref name="Aminet_History"/> However, following the announcement, the FTP-fileserver got stressed quickly due to overuse and requests from other [[Mirror site|FTP-mirror]]s.<ref name="Aminet_overload">{{Cite web |author=FTP-Admin |title=Recent uploads to amiga.physik.unizh.ch |url=https://groups.google.com/g/comp.sys.amiga.misc/c/kkb7PCt1-JY?pli=1 |date=1993-04-13 |orig-date=13.04.1993 |publisher=ICU - University of Zurich, Dept. of Comp. Sci. |access-date=2025-07-24 |website=comp.sys.amiga.misc |quote=amiga.physik has been crippled due to overuse; new/ is unreadable, RECENT only updated 3 times a day, user limit down to 2. Give the mirrors a try! |language=en }}</ref>

In January 1992, [[Swiss people|Swiss]] student Urban Müller was then tasked to take upon the administrator's job of the software-archive, that had been started with other students of ICU since. Soon the archive became mirrored worldwide and in 1995 started being distributed on monthly CD-ROMs.<ref>{{cite newsgroup | last = Mueller | first = Urban | title = Aminet hits 5000 files | date = 1993-09-30 | newsgroup = comp.sys.amiga.announce | message-id = CE5nyJ.7JG@ucdavis.edu| url = https://groups.google.com/forum/#!original/comp.sys.amiga.announce/j89TYGs6RhI/X7J3aDtJGJ8J| access-date = 2016-07-17}}</ref> By using a single master site (then wuarchive.wustl.edu) for creating ftp scripts for each slave site, Aminet reduced to a bare minimum the effort to set up new mirror sites.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Grosse |first=Eric |date=March 1995 |title=Repository Mirroring |journal=ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software |publisher=Association for Computing Machinery |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=95–96 |doi=10.1145/200979.201000  |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Aminet also early on illustrated practical use of metadata schema by software repositories.<ref>{{cite conference |url=https://ipres.ischool.utoronto.ca/sites/ipres.ischool.utoronto.ca/files/iPres%202012%20Conference%20Proceedings%20Final.pdf |access-date=2016-07-19 |title=Describing Digital Object Environments in PREMIS |last1=Dappert |first1=Angela |last2=Peyrard |first2=Sébastien |date=October 2012 |publisher=University of Toronto, Faculty of Information |book-title=Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Preservation of Digital Objects (iPRES2012) |page=70 |location=Toronto |conference=9th International Conference on Preservation of Digital Objects (iPRES2012) |id={{ISBN|978-0-9917997-0-1}} |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160110002619/https://ipres.ischool.utoronto.ca/sites/ipres.ischool.utoronto.ca/files/iPres%202012%20Conference%20Proceedings%20Final.pdf |archive-date=2016-01-10 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Reports of daily additions to this software archive were posted automatically to [[Usenet]] (de.comp.sys.amiga.archive), or could be requested as an email newsletter – Most of the programs on Aminet were [[public domain]] or [[shareware]], but software companies made updates and demo versions of their programs available as well. Now Aminet is complemented by platform-specific sites archiving software for [[AmigaOS 4]], [[AROS]] or [[MorphOS]] only and sorted by architectures and platforms of [[m68k]] for the Motorola MC68000-series equipped original Amiga-hardware, Amiga-hardware equipped with [[PowerPC]]-based CPU-accelerators cards (''Turbo-Cards'') or [[x86]]-based Amiga-environments (e.g. ''Amithlon'').

Aminet was an early attempt to create a centralized public archive maintained by the users themselves, predated only by the [[Info-Mac]] archive. Aminet aimed to keep the community united and free to download new open source software, new program demo releases, patches and localization of Amiga programs (AmigaOS and its modern programs are free to be localized by any single user into any country language), pictures, audio and video files and even hints or complete solutions to various Amiga games.<ref>{{cite news |last=Beyer |first=Torsten |date=July 1997 |title=Spielkalb |url=http://www.heise.de/ix/artikel/Spielkalb-505390.html |newspaper=iX – Magazin für professionelle Informationstechnik |access-date=2016-07-16 }}</ref>

Recognized among interesting FTP sites in early 1990s,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gaffin |first1=Adam |last2=Heitkötter |first2=Jörg |date=September 1994 |title=EFF's (Extended) Guide to the Internet |publisher=The Electronic Frontier Foundation |page=123 |chapter=7.6 Some Interesting FTP sites| edition=2.3 |url=http://tecfa.unige.ch/guides/eegtti-2.3-a5.ps.gz |access-date=2016-07-17}}</ref> Aminet was the largest public archive of software for any platform until around 1996.<ref>{{cite web|date=1996-05-16| url=http://main.aminet.net/docs/misc/30000.txt |format=TXT |title=Aminet is the world's largest archive |website=main.aminet.net |access-date=2016-07-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite newsgroup | last = Webster | first = Ian | title = is the aminet archive the biggest | date = 1996-12-15 | newsgroup = comp.sys.amiga.misc | message-id = 5900uc$lja@inferno.mpx.com.au | url = https://groups.google.com/forum/#!original/comp.sys.amiga.misc/0SpSxy4_Efo/6NLcahKRWFUJ| access-date = 2016-07-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |date=August 1996 |title=News, Aminet hits 30,000|magazine=Amiga Format |publisher=Future Publishing|issn=0957-4867|issue=87|pages=13}}</ref> When the [[Internet]] explosion occurred from 1996 to 1999, Aminet rapidly fell behind the emerging massive PC archives.

During 2004 the main Aminet mirror suffered from a hard-disk crash<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amiga-news.de/de/news/AN-2004-09-00120-EN.html|title=Aminet: Main server us.aminet.net goes offline|publisher=Amiga-News.de|date=2004-09-26|access-date=2016-07-17}}</ref> and many people considered the whole project dead. Around the same time, Nicolas Mendoza was setting up a modernized interface that indexed Aminet and provided advanced search features and a modern interface to navigate the tree, called Amirepo. He also posted public suggestions on how to help improving Aminet by adding tags for architectures to help catalog the tree that now consisted of MorphOS, AmigaOS 4 and [[Amithlon]] files, in addition to the already existing [[m68k]], [[PowerUP (accelerator)#PowerUP software|PowerUP]] and [[WarpOS]] files. He also suggested on measures to add proper dependencies to complement and replace the existing Requires field. This also in a future goal of letting Aminet function as a repository for package management systems similar to Debian's APT/DPKG and Red Hats' RPM. He tried to contact individuals like Matthias Scheler and Urban Müller which was known to maintain Aminet, but to no avail.

At the end of 2004 Christoph Gutjahr made contact with Urban Müller and set up a team to continue the Aminet effort. Urban Müller provided a new main mirror site and the backlog of packages were added in. The ''Amirepo'' interface of Nicolas Mendoza was integrated and Aminet was officially up and running again in February 2005.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amiga-news.de/en/news/AN-2005-02-00067-EN.html|title=Aminet back online, volunteers needed|publisher=Amiga-News.de|date=2005-02-14|access-date=2016-07-17}}</ref> During 2005 the uploads<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aminet.net/stats.php?type=upload |title=Statistics |website=Aminet.net |access-date=2016-07-15}}</ref> started getting going again and in November 2005 most of the ambiguous files and .readme files were sorted out, finally sanitizing the repository. The team has gradually made many changes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aminet.net/about.php |title=About - AminetWiki |website=Aminet.net |date=2008-08-04 |access-date=2016-07-15}}</ref>

==References==
{{Portal|Amiga}}
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*[http://aminet.net Aminet]
*[http://wiki.aminet.net/Main_Page Aminet Wiki]
*[http://archives.aros-exec.org The AROS Archives]
*[http://morphos-files.ppa.pl MorphOS files], [https://www.morphos-storage.net MorphOS Storage]
*[http://www.os4depot.net OS4Depot]

{{AmigaOS}}

[[Category:Amiga]]
[[Category:File hosting]]
[[Category:Software distribution platforms]]
[[Category:File sharing communities]]
[[Category:Online archives]]
[[Category:Internet properties established in 1992]]
[[Category:Archive networks]]